What is smallpox
An acute, highly infectious, often fatal disease caused by a poxvirus and characterised by high fever and aches with subsequent wide spread eruption of pimples that blisters, produce pus and forms pockmarks.
The history of smallpox
Smallpox is an acute contagious disease caused by the variola virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus family. It is one of the most devastating diesease known to mankind and throughout the centuries, repeated epidemics swept across the world, decimating populations and changing the course of history.
Smallpox, which had no effective treatment ever developed, killed as many as 30% of those infected. Between 65–80% of survivors were marked with deep pitted scars , most prominent on the face. Blindness was also another result from smallpox.
In the 18th century, smallpox killed every 10th child born in Sweden and France. During the same century, every 7th child born in Russia died from smallpox.
It was Edward Jenner's demonstration in 1798, to protect against smallpox by the inoculation of cowpox, that brought the first hope that the disease could be controlled.
The disease
Smallpox is caused by the variola virus that emerged in human populations thousands of years ago. Variola major is the severe and most common form of smallpox which has an overall fatality rate of about 30%. Variola minor is a less common presentation of smallpox, and a much less severe disease, with death rates of 1% or less.
Transmission
Smallpox can be spread through direct contact with infected bodily fluids or contaminated objects such as bedding or clothing.
Our short summary of the steps to smallpox:
- A layer of red splotches and constant high fever
- Tiny pimples form everywhere
- Pimples develop tiny blistery heads
- The heads grow larger and hurt badly
- The poxes enlarge into boils
- The crusting process begins ( the most fatal process in smallpox)
- The crust falls off
- The patient becomes immune to it after a period of time and may not get it again after that
- Someone else comes in contact with the crust and the cycle starts over again
Conclusion
Will smallpox return?
Maybe. Maybe not.
The USA finds reason to believe that terrorists may have gotten hold on some variola and mass produce it as a biological weapon. There could also be a possible way of making the smallpox virus immune to vaccines. This "Superpox" enhancement has been tested on mousepox and has been proven fatal even to immunized mice.
Some good news though:
- Its existance has been completely eradicted from nature.
- You dont have it.
Not much, but its enough to help people sleep at night. (:
The reality is that smallpox may not be here anymore now. But let us not forget what it did and possibly, what it can do.
In memory of those who died from smallpox.
references:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/
www. youtube.com
http://www.smallpox.gov/smallpox/aboutdisease.html
www.learnnc.org
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